水處理是指為使水質(zhì)達(dá)到一定使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而采取的物理、化學(xué)措施。水的溫度、顏色、透明度、氣味、味道等物理特性是判斷水質(zhì)好壞的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。水的化學(xué)特性，如其酸堿度、所溶解的固體物濃度和氧氣含量等，也是判斷水質(zhì)的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。另外，來自自然界、核事故和核電站等的放射性元素含量，也是必須進(jìn)行監(jiān)測的重要特性。

水處理的方式包括物理處理和化學(xué)處理。物理方法包括利用孔徑大小不同的濾材和吸附或阻隔方式，將水中的雜質(zhì)排除在外，吸附方式中較重要的是以活性炭進(jìn)行吸附、阻隔的方法，讓體積較大的雜質(zhì)無法通過，進(jìn)而獲得較為干凈的水。另外，物理方法也包括沉淀法，就是讓比重較小的雜質(zhì)浮于水面撈出，或是讓比重較大的雜質(zhì)沉淀于下?；瘜W(xué)方法則是利用化學(xué)品將水中雜質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為對身體傷害較小的物質(zhì)，或是將雜質(zhì)集中，化學(xué)處理方法應(yīng)該可以算是用明礬加入水中，水中雜質(zhì)集合后，體積變大，便可用過濾法，將雜質(zhì)去除。

Water treatment refers to the physical and chemical measures taken to make the water quality reach a certain standard of use. Water temperature, color, transparency, smell, taste and other physical characteristics are the basic criteria for judging water quality. The chemical properties of water, such as its pH, dissolved solids concentration and oxygen content, are also important criteria for judging water quality. In addition, the content of radioactive elements from nature, nuclear accidents, and nuclear power plants are also important characteristics that must be monitored.

Water treatment methods include physical treatment and chemical treatment. Physical methods include the use of filter materials with different pore sizes and adsorption or barrier methods to exclude impurities in the water. The more important adsorption method is the method of adsorption and barrier by activated carbon, so that larger impurities cannot pass through, and then obtain Cleaner water. In addition, the physical method also includes the precipitation method, which is to allow impurities with a smaller specific gravity to float on the surface of the water, or to allow impurities with a larger specific gravity to settle down. The chemical method uses chemicals to convert impurities in the water into substances that are less harmful to the body, or to concentrate the impurities. The chemical treatment method should be regarded as adding alum to the water. After the impurities in the water are assembled, the volume becomes larger, and the filtration method can be used. , To remove impurities.